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Resources Useful Reference Texts The scientists and technicians at Avanti have found the following texts to be helpful in understanding lipids and lipid driven sciences and technologies. Liposome Technology, Vol 1, 2, and 3 edited by Gregory Gregoriadis. Copyright 1993. ISBN: 0849367077 CRC Press, Inc. Search For Stores That Sell This Book Liposomes in Gene Delivery by Danilo D. Lasic. Copyright 1997. ISBN: 849331099 CRC Press, Inc. Search For Stores That Sell This Book Liposomes: Rational Design By Janoff, Andrew S. (editor) Published by Marcel Dekker (Nov 1, 1998) ISBN: 0824702255 Search For Stores That Sell This Book Handbook of Lipid Bilayers by Derek Marsh. Copyright 1990. ISBN 0849332559 CRC Press, Inc. Search For Stores That Sell This Book Medical Applications Of Liposomes Edited By D. D. Lasic and D. Papahadjopoulos Elsevier Press ISBN: 0444829172 Search For Stores That Sell This Book Lipidat by Martin Caffrey. Copyright 1993. ISBN: 0849389240 CRC Press, Inc. Search For Stores That Sell This Book Handbook of Nonmedical Applications of Liposomes, Vol. I, II, III, & IV edited by Danilo D. Lasic & Yechezkel Barenholz. Copyright 1996. CRC Press, Inc. Vol I - Search For Stores That Sell This Book Vol II - Search For Stores That Sell This Book Vol III - Search For Stores That Sell This Book Vol IV - Search For Stores That Sell This Book The Lipid Handbook, Second Ed by Frank D. Gunstone, John L. Harwood and Fred B. Padley. Copyright 1994. ISBN: 0412433206 Published by CRC Pr (Jul 1, 1994) Search For Stores That Sell This Book Handbook of Lipid Research Vol 4, The Physical Chemistry of Lipids by Donald Small. Copyright 1986. Plenum Press. Search For Stores That Sell This Book Membrane Biophysics: As Viewed from Experimental Bilayer Lipid Membranes (Planar Lipid Bilayers and Spherical Liposomes) By Ottova-Leitmannova, Angelica; Tien, H. Ti Published by Elsevier Science Ltd (Nov 1, 1998) ISBN: 044482930X Search For Stores That Sell This Book Bioconjugate Techniques By Hermanson, Greg T.; Hermanson, Greg T. Published by Academic Pr (Jan 1, 1996) ISBN: 012342335X Search For Stores That Sell This Book Gene Therapy: Therapeutic Mechanisms and Strategies By Lasic, Danilo D. (editor); Templeton, Nancy Smyth (editor) Published by Marcel Dekker (Jun 1, 2000) ISBN: 0824776658 Search For Stores That Sell This Book Liposome Preparation Pharmaceutical Manufacturing of Liposomes by Francis J. Martin (1990) in Specialized Drug Delivery Systems (Tyle, Praveen, Ed.) 267-316 Marcel Dekker, Inc. Search For Stores That Sell This Book Comparative Properties and Methods of Prepartaion of Lipid Vesicles (Liposomes) by Szoka, Jr., Frances & Papahadjopoulos, Demetrios, (1980) Annual Review of Biophysics and Bioengineering Volume 9, Pages 467-508. Search For Stores That Sell This Book Liposomes as Drug Delivery Systems, Part I: Preparation (1992)Pharmaceutical Technology Volume 16, Pages 96-106. Talsma, H. & Cormmelin, D.J.A. Liposomes as Drug Delivery Systems Part II: Characterization (1992) Pharmaceutical Technology, Volume 16, Pages 52-58. Talsma, H & Crommelin, D.J.A. (1992) Liposomes as Drug Delivery Systems, Part III: Stabilization (1992) Pharmaceutical Technology, Volume 17, Pages 48-59. Talsma, H. & Crommelin, D.J.A Drug Delivery Overview Liposomes: Synthetic lipid microspheres serve as multipurpose vehicles for the delivery of drugs, genetic material and cosmetics (1992) American Scientist, Volume 80, Pages 20-31. Lasic, D.D. Targeted liposomes and intracellular delivery of macromolecules (1990) Progress in Clinical and Biology Research, Volume 343, Pages 95-102. Leserman, L., Machy, P., Leonetti, P., Jilhaud, P.G., Degols, G. & Lebleu, B. Liposomal Drug Delivery System (1990) Polymembrane Preparation Volume 31, Pages 159-160. Maruyama, K., Kennel, S. & Huang, L. Liposomes designed to avoid the reticuloendothelial system (1990) Progress in Clinical and Biological Research, Volume 343, Pages 85-93. Papahadjopoulos, D. & Gabizon, A. Encapsulation/Delivery of DNA Interactions of cationic lipid vesicles with negatively charged phospholipid vesicles and biological membranes (1988) Biochemistry, Volume 27, Pages 3917-3925. Stamatatos, L., Leventis, R., Zuckermann, M.J. & Silvius, J.R. Liposomes as carriers of DNA (1989) Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems, Volume 6, Pages 239-271. Nicolau, C. & Cudd, A. Interactions of antisense DNA oligonucleotide analogs with phospholipid membranes (liposomes) (1991) Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 19, Pages 5551-5559. Akhtar, S., Basu, S., Wickstrom, E. & Juliano, R.L. Cationic liposome-mediated transfection with lipofection reagent (1991) Methods of Molecular Biology, Pages 91-98. Felgner, P.L. Liposomes for the transformation of eukaryotic cells (1991) Biochemistry and Biophysics Acta, Volume 1097, Pages 1-17. Hug, P. & Slight, R.G. Liposomal delivery as a new approach to transport antisense oligonucleotides (1992) Gene Regulation (Erickson, R.P. & Izant, G., Ed.) Pages 147-161 Dritschilo, A., Thierry, A.R., Rahman, A., & Raven Press, New York. Targeted delivery of DNA by liposomes and polymers (1992) Journal of Controlled Release, Volume 19, Pages 269-274. Zhou, X, & Huang, L. Improved encapsulation of DNA in pH sensitive liposomes for transfection (1992) Liposome Research, Volume 2, Pages 125-139. Zhou, X., Klibanov, A.L. & Huang, L. Encapsulation/Delivery of Proteins Interactions of proteins and drugs with liposomes (1983) Liposomes (Ostro, M., Ed.), Pages 53-86, Marcel Dekker, New York Juliano, R.L. Peptide and protein drugs: I. Therapeutic applications, absorption and parenteral administration (1991) Inter. J. Pharm. Volume 75, Pages 97-115. Zhou, X.H. & Po, A.L.W. Pulmonary Delivery of Drugs Organ-selective action of an antitumor drug: pharmacologic studies of liposome- encapsulated beta-cytosine arabinoside administered via the respiratory system of the rat (1979) J. Natl. Cancer Inst. Volume 63, Pages 727-731. McCullough, H.N. & Juliano, R.L. Liposomes: a pulmonary perspective (1988) Liposomes as Drug Carriers (Gregoriadis, G., Ed.), Pages 679-694. Mihalko, P., Schreier, H. & Abra, R.M. Liposomes for pulmonary applications (1990) Modern Medicine of Canada, Volume 45, Pages 233-237. Shek, P.N., Barber, R.F. & Jurimaromet, M. Topical Applications of Liposomes Liposomes as a topical drug delivery system (1990) Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng. Volume 63, Pages 59-63. Egbaria, K. & Weiner, N. Hydroxylated Nylon Polymers Hydroxylated Nylons Based on Unprotected Esterified D-Glucaric Acid by Simple Condensation Reactions (1994) Journal of the American Chemical Society, Volume 116, Pages 571-578. Keily, D.E., Chen, L. & Lin, T.H. Alkyl Phosphocholine Structure of glucagon-like peptide (7-36) amide in a dodecyl-phosphocholine micelle as determined by 2D NMR (1994) Biochemistry, Volume 33, Pages 3532-3539. Thornton, K. & Gorenstein, D.G. Conformational changes in phospholipase A2 upon binding to micellar interfaces in the absence and presence of competitive inhibitors. A 1H and 15N NMR study (1992) Biochemistry, Volume 31, Pages 10021-10030. Peters, A.R., Dekker, N., van den Berg, L., Boelens, R., Kaptein, R., Slotboom, A.J. & de Haas, G.H. Antitumor ether lipids and alkyl phosphocholines (1994) Drugs of the Future Volume 19, Pages 1021-1037. Lohmeyer, M. & Bittman, R. Uptake, subcellular distribution and metabolism of the phospholipid analogue hexadecylphosphocholine in MCDK cells (1994) Biochemica et Biophysica Acta, Volume 1211, Pages 14-22. Geilen, C.C., Wieder, T., Haase, A., Reutter, W., Morre, D.M. & Moore, D.J. Pharmacokinetic behavior and antineoplastic activity of liposomal- hexadecylphosphocholine (1994) Cancer Chemotherapy & Pharmacology, Volume 34, Pages 393-398. Kaufmann-Kolle, P., Drevs, J., Berger, M.R., Kotting, J., Marschner, N., Unger, C. & Eibl, H. Topical administration of hexadecyl-phosphocholine in patients with cutaneous lymphomas: results of a phase I/II study (1993) J. of the American Academy of Dermatology Volume 29, Pages 963-970. Dummer, R., Krasovec, M., Roger, J., Sindermann, H. & Burg, G. Diether Phospholipids Protein kinase C is not involved in the cytotoxic action of 1-octadecyl-2-O-methyl-sn-glycerol-3 phosphocholine in HL-60 and K562 cells (1994) Biochemical Pharmacology, Volume 47, Pages 1481-1488. Heesbeen, E.C., Verdonck, L.F., Staal, G.E. & Rijksen, G. Antitumor ether lipids and alkyl phosphocholines (1994) Drugs of the Future, Volume 19, Pages 1021-1037. Lohmeyer, M, & bittman, R. Tumor necrosis factor release by murine macrophages stimulated by the cytotoxic ether lipid (1994) Int'l J. of Immunopharmacology, Volume 16, Pages 335-343. Shames, R., Ruis, N.M. & Valone, F.H. Inhibition of estradiol uptake and transforming growth factor alpha secretion in human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 by an alkyl-lysophospholipid (1990) Cancer Research, Volume 50, Pages 7505-7512. Kosano, H., Yasutomo, Y., Kugai, N., Hagata, N., Inagaki, H., Tanaka, S. & Takatani, O. Role of endocytosis in the action of ether lipids on WEHL-3B, HL60, and FDCP-mix A4 cells (1990) Cancer Research Volume 50, Pages 7505-7512. Bazill, G.W. & Dexter, T.M. DHPC Short Chain Phosphatidylcholines as Superior Detergents in Solubilizing Membrane Proteins and Preserving Biological Activity (1994) Biochemistry, Volume 33, Pages 10825-10836. J. Kessi, J.C. Poiree, E. Wehrli, R. Bachofen, G. Semenza, & H. Hauser L-a-Phosphatidylcholine (Tissue Derived) Phosphatidyl Choline and Lysophosphatidyl Choline in Mixed Lipid Micelles as Novel Drug Delivery Systems (1990) Phospholipids: Biochemical, Phsrmaceutical, and Analytical Considerations, (Hanin, Israel and Pepeu, Giancarlo, Ed.), Page 83, Plenum Press, New York Yesair, David W. Phosphatidyl Inositol The Role of Surface Charge and Hydrophilic Groups on Liposome Clearance in vivo (1992) Biochim Biophys Acta, Volume 1103, Pages 94-100. Gabizon, A. & Papahadjopoulos, D. Cardiolipin The Composition of Beef Heart Cardiolipins Isolated by Solvent and Chromatographic Fractionation (1965) Lipids Volume 6, Pages 260-65. Courtade, S.A. and McKibbin, J.M. Cholesterol Quantitative Determination of Cholesterol in Liposome Drug Products and Raw Materials by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (1990) Journal of Chromatography, Volume 507, Pages 157-163 Lang, J. (1981) Cholesterol Autoxication, Plenum Press, New York. Smith, L. Sphingosine Use of D-Erythro-sphingosine as a Pharmacological Inhibitor of Protein Kinase-C in Human Platelets (1991) Biochemical Journal, Volume 278, Pages 387-392. Kahn et al, W.A. Sphingomyelin (1964) Proc. Soc. Exptl. Biol. Med. Volume 115, Page 990. Wood, P.D.S. and Holton, S. Cerebrosides Targeting of lactosylceramide-containing liposomes to hepatocytes in vivo (1983) Biochem. Biophys. Acta Volume 734, Pages 40-47. Spanjer, H.H. and Scherphof, G.L. Lipids by Extraction Solubilization and Reconstitution of the lactose Transport System from Escherichia coli (1980) J. Biol. Chem. Volume 255, Pages 10583-10586. Newman, M.J. & Wilson, T.H. Partial Resolution of the Enzymes Catalyzing Oxidative Phosphorylation (1971) J. of Biol Chem Volume 246, Pages 5477-5487. Kagawa, Y. & Rackeer, E. PAF Antihypertensive activity of an alkyl ether analog of phosphatidylcholine (1979) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. Volume 90, Pages 1194-1200. Blank, M.L., Snyder, F., Byers, L.M., Brooks, B. & Muirhead, E.E. Platelet-activating factor. Evidence for 1-O-alkyl-2-Acetoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphoryl- choline as the active component (a new class of lipid chemical mediators ) (1979) J. Biol. Chem. Volume 254, Pages 9355-9358. Demopoulos, C.A., Pinckard, R.N. & Hanahan, D.J. Semi-synthesis and proposed structure of platelet-activation factor (PAF). PAF-acether an alkyl ether analog of lysophosphatidylcholine (1979) Seances Acad. Sci., Ser III: Sci. Vie. Volume 289, Pages 1037-1040. Benveniste, J., Tence, M., Varenne, P., Bidault, J., Boullet, C., Polonsky, J. & Hebd, C.R. Phosphatidylethanolamine Variation in Hydration Forces Between Neutral Phospholipid Bilayers: Evidence for Hydration Attraction (1988) Biochemistry Volume 27, Pages 7711-7722. Rand, R.P., Fuller, N., Parsegian, V.A. & Rau, D.C. Synthesis of Carboxyacyl Derivatives of Phosphatidylethanolamine and Use as an Efficient Method for Conjugation of Protein to Liposomes (1986) Biochim. Biophys. Acta Volume 862, Pages 435-439. Kung, V.T. & Redemann, C.T. Lipid Polymorphism of Mixtures of Dioleoyl-phosphatidylethanolamine and Saturated and Monounsaturated Phosphatidylcholines of Various Chain Lengths (1987) Biochemistry Volume 26, Pages 231-236. Tate, M.W. & Gruner, S.M. Phosphatidylglycerol Clinical Pharmacology of 99mtc-labeled Liposomes in Patients with Cancer (1984) Cancer Research Volume 44, (January), Pages 375-378. Lopez-Berestein, G., Kais, L., Rosenblum, M.G., Haynie T., & Jahns, M. et al. Liposomal Amphotericin B for the Treatment of Systemic Fungal Infections in Patients with Cancer: A Preliminary Study (1985) The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 1, 51 (April) Pages 704-710 Lopez-Berestein, G., Fainstein, V., Hopfer, R., Mehta K. & Sullivan, M.P. et al. Protective Effect of Liposomal-Amportericin B Against C. Albicans Infection in Mice (1985) Cancer Drug Delivery, Volume 2, Pages 183-189 Lopez-Berestein, G., McQueen, T. & Mehta, K. Phosphatidic Acid The Effect of Positive and Negative pH-gradients on the Stability of Small Unilamellar Vesicles of Negatively Charged Phospholipids (1993) Biochim. Biophys. Acta Volume 1147, Pages 237-244. Lin, B.Z., Yin, C.C. & Hauser, H. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type I (HIV-1) Fusion with Model Membranes: Kinetic Analysis and the Role of Lipid Composition, pH and Divalent Cations (1993) Biochim. Biophys. Acta Volume 147, Pages 223-236. Larsen, C.E., Nir, S., Alford, D.R., Jennings, M., Lee, K. & Duzgunes, N. Sodium Transport by an ionizable and a Neutral Mobile Carrier: Effects of Membrane Structure on the Apparent Activation Energy (1993) Biochim. Biophys. Acta Volume 1146, Pages 25-37. Senisterra, G., Van Gorkom, L. & Castaiing, M. Phosphatidylserine Studies on the Mechanism of Membrane Fusion: Role of Headgroup Compositions in Calcium- and Magnesium-induced Fusion of Mixed Phospholipid Vesicles (1981) Biochim. Biophys. Acta Volume 642, Pages 182-195. Düzgünes, N., Wilschut, J. Fraley, R. & Paphadjopoulas, D. DNA Transfection Interactions of mammalian cells with lipid dispersions containing novel metabolizable cationic amphiphiles (1990) Biochim. Biophys. Acta Volume 1023, Pages 124-132. Leventis, R., & Silvius, J.R. Systemic gene expression after intravenous DNA delivery in adult mice (1993) Science Volume 261, Pages 209-211. Zhu, N., Liggitt, D., Phillip, M., Dazin, P. & Debs, R. In vivo gene delivery. Efficient transfection of T lymphocytes in adult mice (1993) J. of Biol. Chem. Volume 268, Pages 16087-16090. Phillip, R., Liggitt, D., Phillip, M., Dazin, P., & Debs, R. Liposomes as carriers of DNA (1989) Crit. Rev. Ther. Drug Carr. Syst. Volume 6, Pages 239-271. Nicolau, C. & Cudd, A. Amphipathic Antigens Availability of Dinitrophenylated Lipids Haptens for Specific Antibody Binding Depends on the Physical Properties of Host Bilayer Membranes (1982) J. Biol. Chem. Volume 257, Pages 6434-6439. Balkrishnan, K., Mehdi, S.Q. & McConnell, H.M. Binding and Mobility of Anti-Dinitrophenyl Monoclonal Antibodies on Fluid-like Langmuir-Blodgett Phospholipid Monolayers Containing Dinitrophenylated Phospholipids (1991) Biochim. Biophysic. Acta Volume 1064, Pages 219-228. Timbs, M.M., Poglitsch, C.L., Pisarchick, M.L., Summer, M.T. & Thompson, N.L. Equilibrium Binding of Monoclonal Antibody to Supported Phospholipid Monolayers Measured by Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy (1990) Biophys. J. Volume 58, Pages 1235-1249. Pisarchick, M.L., & Thompson, N.L. Immune Clearance of Liposomes Inhibited by an Anti-FC Receptor Antibody in vivo (1986) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA Volume 83, Pages 2699-2703. Aragnol, D. & Leserman, L.D. Diacyl Glycerols Diacylglycerols and Phorbol Diesters Induce Leukemic Cell Differentiation via a Common Mechanism (1985) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Volume 82, Pages 815-819. Ebeling, J.G., Vandenbard, G.R., Kuhn, L., Ganong, B., Bell, R.M. & Niedel, J.E. sn-1,2-dioctanoylglycerol: a Cell Permeable Diacylglycerol That Mimics Phorbol Diester Action on the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and Mitogenesis (1985) J. Biol. Chem. Volume 260, Pages 1562-1566. Davis, R.J., Ganong, B.R., Bell, R.M. & Czech, M.P. Exogenous sn-1,2-diacylglycerols Containing Saturated Fatty Acids Functions as Bioregulators of Protein Kinase C in Human Platelets (1985) J. Biol. Chem. Volume 260, Pages 1358-1361. Lapetina, E.G., Reep, B., Ganong, B.R. & Bell, R.M. Specificity and Mechanism of Protein Kinase C Activation by sn-1,2-diacylglycerols (1986) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Volume 83, Pages 1184-1188. Ganong, B.R., Loomis, C.R., Hannun, Y.A. & Bell, R.M. Diacyl Ethylene Glycol Attenuation of sn-1,2-diacylglycerol Kinase: Inhibition by Diacylglycerol Analogs in vitro and in Human Platelets (1986) J. Biol. Chem. Volume 261, Pages 6993-7000. Bishop, W.R., Ganong, B.R. & Bell, R.M. Functionalized Phospholipids Synthesis of Carboxylacyl Derivatives of Phosphatidylethanolamine and Use as an Efficient Method for Conjugation of Protein to Liposomes (1986) Biochim. Biophys. Acta Volume 862, Pages 435-439. Kung, V.T. & Redemann, C.T. Ligand Targeting of Liposomes (1987) Liposomes: From Biophysics to Therapeutics, (Ostro, M.J., Ed.) Pages 157-194 Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York. Leserman, L. & Machy, P. Diglyceride-Succinate Structural and Functional Comparisons of pH-Sensitive Liposomes Composed of Phosphatidylethanolamine and Three Different Diacylsuccinylglycerols (1990) Biochim. Biophys. Acta Volume 1025, Pages 234-242. Collins, D., Litzinger, D.C. & Huang, L. Diether Phospholipids Protein kinase C is not involved in the cytotoxic action of 1-octadecyl-2-O-methyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine in HL-60 and K562 cells (1994) Biochemical Pharmacology Volume 47, Pages 1481-1488. Heesben, E.C., Verdonck, L.F., Staal, G.E. & Rijksen, G. Antitumor ether and alkyl phosphocholines (1994) Drugs of the Future Volume 19, Pages 1021-1037. Lohmeyer, M. & Bittman, R. Tumor necrosis factor release by murine macrophages stimulated by the cytotoxic ether lipid (1994) Int'l J. of Immunopharmacology Volume 16, Pages 335-343. Shames, R., N.M. & Valone, F.H. Inhibition of estradiol uptake and transforming growth factor alpha secretion in human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 by an alkyl-lysophospholipid (1990) Cancer Research Volume 50, Pages 7505-7512. Kosano, H., Yasutomo, Y., Kugai, N., Nagata, N., Inagaki, H., Tanaka, S & Takatani, O. Alkyl Phosphocholine Structure of glucagon-like peptide (7-36) amide in a dodecyl-phosphocholine micelle as determined by 2D NMR (1994) Biochemistry Volume 33, Pages 3532-3539. Thornton, K. & Gorenstein, D.G. Conformational changes in phospholipase A2 upon binding to micellar interfaces in the absense and presence of competitive inhibitors. A 1H and 15N NMR study (1992) Biochemistry Volume 31, Pages 10024-10030. Peters, A.R., Dekker, N., van den Berg, L., Boelens, R., Kaptein, R., Slotboom, A.J. & de Haas, G.H. Antitumor ether lipids and alkyl phosphocholines (1994) Drugs for the Future Volume 19, Pages 1021-1037. Lohmeyer, M. & Bittman, R. Uptake, subcellular distribution and metabolism of the phospholipid analogue hexadecylphosphocholine in MDCK cells (1994) Biochimica et Biophysica Acta Volume 1211, Pages 14-22. Geilen, C.C., Wieder, T., Haade, A., Reutter, W., Morre, D.M. & Moore, D.J. Pharmacokinetic behavior and antineoplastic activity of liposomal-hexadecylphosphocholine (1994) Cancer Chemotherapy & Pharmacology Volume 34, Pages 393-398. Kaufmann-Kolle, P., Drevs, J., Berger, M.R., Kotting, J., Marschner, N., Unger, C., & Eibl, H. Topical administration of hexadecyl-phosphocholine in patients with cutaneous lymphomas: results of a phase I/II study (1993) J. of the American Academy of Dermatology Volume 29, Pages 963-970. Dummer, R., Krasovec, M., Roger, J., Sindermann, H. & Burg, G. Nitroxide Spin Label Kinetics of antibody-dependent activation of the first component of complement of lipid bilayer membranes (1980) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Co. Volume 93, Pages 235-242. Parce, J.W. & McConnell, H.M. Monoclonal antibodies to a nitroxide lipid hapten (1982) Biochim. Biophys. Acta Volume 721, Pages 30-38. Balakrishnan, K., Hsu, F.J., Hafeman, D.G. & McConnell, H.M. Delivery of nitroxide spin label to cultured cells by liposomes (1988) Magazine Resonance in Medicine Volume 8, Pages 160-170. Chan, H.C., Magin, R.L. & Swartz, H.M. Use of high observing power in electron spin resonance saturation-recovery experiments in spin-labeled membranes (1989) Journal of Chem. Phys Volume 91, Pages 6029-6035. Yin, Y.L. & Hyde, J.S. ESR of spin-labeled bacteriophage M13 coat protein in mixed phospholipid bilayers (1990) Biobhem. Biophys. Acta Volume 1024, Pages 82-88. Dejongh, H.H.J., Hemminga, M.A. & Marsh, D. Fluorescent Membrane Probes Fluorescence Assays for Membrane Fusion (1998) Spectroscopic Membrane Probes (Loew, L.M., Ed.) Vol 1, 117-159, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida. Düzgünes, N. & Bentz, J. Use of Resonance Energy Transfer to Study the Kinetics of Amphiphile Transfer between Vesicles (1982) Biochemistry Volume 21, Pages 1720-1726. Nichols, J.W. & Pagano, R.E. Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Phospholipid Monomer-Vesicle Interaction (1985) Biochemistry Volume 24, Pages 6390-6398. Nichols, J.W. Use of Resonance Energy Transfer to Monitor Membrane Fusion (1981) Biochemistry 20, 4093-4099. Struck, D.K., Hoekstra, D. & Pagano, R.E. Diacetylene Phospholipid Polymerized Liposomes as Drug Carriers (1991) Polymer-Controlled Drug Delivery Pages 83-97. Regen, S. Phospholipid Polymers - Synthesis and Spectral Characteristics (1980) Biochimica et Biophysica Acta Volume 602, Pages 57-69. L.Johnston, D.S., Sanghera, S., Pons, M., Chapman, D. Polymerizable Liposomes: Applications in Biology and Medicine (1988) Liposomes as Drug Carriers (Gregoriadis, G., Ed.) Pages 821-839. Freeman, F.J. & Chapman, D.
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